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Senior pay: let the workers decide

WHEN you’ve got a mere three MPs, and only ever intend to stand in 40 constituencies why bother to do an “alternative Queen’s Speech”? That’s a question for Plaid Cymru to answer. But each year they do one, and each year they get some column inches out of it.

This year is no different, and with the new proposal for a maximum ratio in wage levels between company chief executives and their staff, it is no surprise. Anyone interested in reducing inequality ought to be interested in this idea. But even if you agree with the objective, you might have concerns about whether it can work or could have unforeseen consequences.

Chief among these is what the ratio is to be. The Guardian estimates, for example, that the ratio between Tesco CEO Terry Leahy’s pay and the average (nb. not lowest) wage of his workforce is 907:1. Halving this would see Sir Terry’s pay fall to a shade over £4 million (or less plausibly, the average wage would surge to £22k – lets rule out that as a means to close the ratio). Despite being a very radical move, that would still leave a multiple of over 400. Surely Plaid would not sanction, and thereby tacitly approve, such inequality? 100:1 looks at the outer edge of fair, but that sees poor old Sir Terry taking a whopping 90% pay cut. Are we to believe that the market has overvalued his services by such a huge margin?*

All good fun, but you see the point. To meet the objective of really closing the pay gap, as opposed to merely tinkering, the state would end up introducing some fairly major corrections in the executive pay market. And at the end of it all it would, in effect, approve the notion that a boardroom fat cat is worth 100 times or more that of his or her cleaner. Then there is the question of top footballers, artists etc which cannot surely be dodged by arguing that “creatives” are different and hence should be excepted. All in all, it just doesn’t feel that egalitarian.

Perhaps a better idea is that advanced by the authors of The Spirit Level (a book discussed here) of democratic employee ownership, or workers’ control. As the splendid Chris Dillow points out here, workers are not only best placed to determine if their bosses are good or bad, they have an incentive to distinguish the one from the other. A really exceptional boss might be worth 900 times the pay of his staff in some instances for all we know. Provided they are happy to remunerate him or her accordingly, what right does the state have to say workers are wrong to direct their own company’s resources in such a way? Worker control provides a mechanism for valuing senior executives’ true worth, and will probably have the effect of reducing the gross disparities that currently exist.

And there is another reason why Plaid in particular ought to think about this method instead. A centrally selected ratio represents awfully big state socialism. As a party of decentralist socialism, surely worker control is the way forward. Adam Price once observed that his party’s socialism owed more to the Miners’ next step than to Labour’s corporatist ideals. Now is a chance to demonstrate it.

* We might, in fact. The OECD recently found that senior executives merely have excessive bargaining power (see OECD, “Income inequalities in the age of financial globilization“, World of Work Report 2009).

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1 Comment

  1. The enormous gap in compensation between the average worker and CEO appears to be uniquely American phenomena. For example in Japan in 2006, a typical executive makes eleven times what a typical worker brings home. For example Hiroshi Okuda, the CEO of Toyota, earned $903,000 in 2006 and Mitsubishi’s CEO Shigemitsu Miki earned $360,000, while Rick Wagoner, CEO General Motors, earned $10.19 million in 2006. In 2005, the CEO of British Petroleum made a handsome $5.6 million, and the CEO of Royal Dutch Shell made $4.1 million. In America the CEO of Exxon Mobil made $69.7 million and the average salary of American oil companies was $33 million. In a study completed by Towers Perrin surveying CEO compensation from 2004-96, found that Japan’s top 100 companies earned an average of around $1.5 million, while American CEO’s earned $13.3 million for American CEOs and European CEO’s earned $6.6 million. In addition when European and Asian companies face losses Their CEO’s voluntarily take a significant cut in pay. For example, Japan Air Line lost $1 billion in the 2nd quarter of 2009 and their CEO gave himself a salary of $90,000 a year (less then a pilot) and took the bus to work. It is guaranteed that you will never find an American CEO engaging in similar behavior even in the face of bankruptcy. Jiang Jianqing the CEO of the worlds largest bank Industrial and Commercial Bank of China made $234,700 in 2008 His compensation is less than 2 percent of the $19.6 million awarded to Jamie Dimon, CEO of the world’s fourth-largest bank, JP Morgan Chase.
    In Germany the ratio between the CEO and lowest paid worker is 12 times; France 15 times; Britain, 22 times. In America it rises to between 400 and 500 times. Japan prides itself at having the smallest disparity in salary between executives and their employees. However, there is some evidence that CEO’s of foreign corporations are beginning to emulate their U.S. counterparts and are slowly catching up. For example, research collated by the Centre for Corporate Governance at the University of Technology (2008), in Australia found that in 1992 a typical executive in Australia’s top 50 companies earned 27 times the wage of an average worker. By 2002, this had risen to 98 times the wage of an average worker.

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